.research-cascade {
  --bg-1: #1a2117;
  --bg-2: #0e100d;
  --ink: #f3eee3;
  --ink-2: #bdb8ad;
  --muted: rgba(243, 238, 227, .5);
  --line: rgba(243, 238, 227, .16);
  --forest: #4a6741;
  --forest-lift: #7f9672;
  --accent: #b9c8a3;
  --display: var(--font-voice);
  --body: var(--font-sans);
  --ease: cubic-bezier(.22, .8, .2, 1);
  position: relative; width: 100%; margin: 0;
}
.research-cascade, .research-cascade *, .research-cascade *::before, .research-cascade *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

.research-cascade .sticky {
  position: sticky; top: 0; height: 100vh; overflow: hidden;
  /* the same textured green as the home Philosophy section (#home-page .v2-intro) */
  background-color: #313a2b;
  background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(8,12,8,.52), rgba(8,12,8,.2) 55%, rgba(8,12,8,.42)), url('../home-philosophy-texture.jpg');
  background-size: cover; background-position: center;
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 15px/1.5 var(--body);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none;
  isolation: isolate;
}
.research-cascade .sticky::after {
  content: none; position: absolute; inset: -50%; z-index: 4; pointer-events: none; opacity: .06;  /* no grain: the texture carries it */
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='160' height='160'><filter id='n'><feTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.9' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/><feColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 1  0 0 0 0 1  0 0 0 0 1  0 0 0 .55 0'/></filter><rect width='100%' height='100%' filter='url(%23n)'/></svg>");
  animation: rmsc-grain 1.2s steps(6) infinite;
}
@keyframes rmsc-grain { 0%,100% { transform: translate(0,0) } 25% { transform: translate(-3%,2%) } 50% { transform: translate(2%,-3%) } 75% { transform: translate(3%,3%) } }

/* 3D stage */
.research-cascade .stage { position: absolute; inset: 0; perspective: var(--persp, 1500px); perspective-origin: var(--vanishX, 50%) var(--vanish, 40%); }
.research-cascade .deck { position: absolute; left: var(--deckX, 50%); top: var(--deckY, 50%); width: 0; height: 0; transform-style: preserve-3d; }
.research-cascade .card {
  position: absolute; width: var(--cw, 380px); height: var(--ch, 440px);
  left: calc(var(--cw, 380px) / -2); top: calc(var(--ch, 440px) / -2);
  transform-style: preserve-3d; will-change: transform, opacity;
  backface-visibility: hidden; -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
}
.research-cascade .card__face {
  position: absolute; inset: 0; border-radius: 4px; overflow: hidden; background: #151912;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.25), 0 30px 50px -18px rgba(0,0,0,.7), inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(243,238,227,.08);
  backface-visibility: hidden; -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
}
.research-cascade .card__img { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; max-width: none; object-fit: cover; display: block; filter: saturate(.92) contrast(1.04); border-radius: 0; box-shadow: none; }
.research-cascade .card__scrim { position: absolute; inset: 0; pointer-events: none;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(14,16,13,.9) 0%, rgba(14,16,13,.4) 32%, rgba(14,16,13,0) 60%), linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(14,16,13,.45) 0%, rgba(14,16,13,0) 24%); }
.research-cascade .card__face::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; pointer-events: none; z-index: 1;
  background: linear-gradient(160deg, rgba(255,250,235,.3) 0%, rgba(255,250,235,0) 30%, rgba(0,0,0,.22) 100%);
  opacity: var(--sheen, .5); mix-blend-mode: soft-light; }
.research-cascade .card__body { position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: 2; padding: clamp(18px, 2.4vw, 30px); display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; color: var(--ink); }
.research-cascade .card__top { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 10px; }
.research-cascade .card__idx { font: 400 11px/1 var(--body); letter-spacing: .2em; padding: 6px 10px; color: var(--ink); background: rgba(14,16,13,.4); border: 1px solid rgba(243,238,227,.26); backdrop-filter: blur(6px); -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px); }
.research-cascade .card__tag { font: 400 10.5px/1 var(--body); letter-spacing: .26em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(243,238,227,.82); }
.research-cascade .card__kicker { margin: 0 0 10px; font: 400 10.5px/1 var(--body); letter-spacing: .3em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); }
.research-cascade .card__title { margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-voice); font-weight: 500; font-size: clamp(30px, 3.4vw, 48px); letter-spacing: -.01em; line-height: .98; color: var(--ink); }
.research-cascade .card__meta { margin: 12px 0 0; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.55; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 32ch; }

/* pinned hero */
.research-cascade .hero { position: absolute; left: max(clamp(24px, 6vw, 92px), env(safe-area-inset-left, 0px)); top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); z-index: 5; width: min(40vw, 470px); display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
.research-cascade .hero__eyebrow { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; font: 400 11px/1 var(--body); letter-spacing: .38em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: clamp(18px, 2.4vw, 28px); }
.research-cascade .hero__eyebrow::before { content: ""; width: clamp(22px, 3vw, 40px); height: 1px; background: currentColor; opacity: .6; }
.research-cascade .hero__title { margin: 0; width: max-content; max-width: min(94vw, 780px); font-family: var(--font-voice); font-weight: 400; font-size: clamp(56px, 6.2vw, 112px); line-height: .88; letter-spacing: -.02em; color: var(--ink); padding-right: .14em; }
.research-cascade .hero__title em { display: inline-block; padding: 0 .12em 0 0; font-style: italic; font-weight: 400;
  background: linear-gradient(105deg, var(--forest-lift), var(--accent) 60%, #e4ead9);
  -webkit-background-clip: text; background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; }
.research-cascade .hero__sub { margin: clamp(20px, 2.4vw, 30px) 0 0; max-width: 34ch; font-size: clamp(14px, 1.15vw, 16.5px); font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: .04em; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--ink-2); }
.research-cascade .cta { margin-top: clamp(26px, 3vw, 40px); display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; min-height: 52px; padding: 0 22px 0 26px; border: 1px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 0; cursor: pointer;
  font: 400 11.5px/1 var(--body); letter-spacing: .26em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #0e100d; background: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 30px -14px rgba(0,0,0,.7); transition: transform .3s var(--ease), background .3s var(--ease), border-color .3s var(--ease); }
.research-cascade .cta:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); background: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); color: #0e100d; }
.research-cascade .cta:active { transform: none; }
.research-cascade .cta:focus-visible { outline: 1px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 4px; }
.research-cascade .cta__ico { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(14,16,13,.12); transition: transform .3s var(--ease); }
.research-cascade .cta:hover .cta__ico { transform: translateX(3px); }
.research-cascade .cta__ico svg { width: 13px; height: 13px; }
.research-cascade .note { margin-top: 22px; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .26em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); }

/* progress rail */
.research-cascade .rail { position: absolute; right: max(clamp(20px, 3.4vw, 56px), env(safe-area-inset-right, 0px)); top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); z-index: 5; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 18px; }
.research-cascade .rail__count { font-family: var(--font-voice); display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 2px; line-height: 1; }
.research-cascade .rail__cur { font-size: clamp(34px, 3.4vw, 50px); font-weight: 500; color: var(--ink); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.research-cascade .rail__tot { font-size: clamp(14px, 1.2vw, 17px); color: var(--muted); }
.research-cascade .rail__track { position: relative; width: 22px; height: clamp(210px, 42vh, 430px); cursor: pointer; touch-action: none; }
.research-cascade .rail__track::before { content: ""; position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 50%; width: 1px; transform: translateX(-50%); background: var(--line); }
.research-cascade .rail__fill { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 50%; width: 1px; height: 0; transform: translateX(-50%); background: linear-gradient(var(--accent), rgba(185,200,163,.35)); box-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(185,200,163,.55); }
.research-cascade .rail__thumb { position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 0; width: 11px; height: 11px; margin: -5.5px 0 0 -5.5px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent); box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(185,200,163,.18), 0 0 16px rgba(185,200,163,.8); }
.research-cascade .rail__tick { position: absolute; left: 50%; width: 22px; height: 22px; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; min-height: 0; box-shadow: none; }
.research-cascade .rail__tick::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 50%; width: 5px; height: 5px; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(243,238,227,.3); transition: background .2s, transform .2s; }
.research-cascade .rail__tick:hover::before { background: var(--accent); transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(1.3); }
.research-cascade .rail__tick[aria-current="true"]::before { opacity: 0; }
.research-cascade .rail__tick:focus-visible { outline: 1px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; border-radius: 50%; }
.research-cascade .rail__label { font-family: var(--body); font-size: 10.5px; letter-spacing: .3em; color: var(--ink); text-transform: uppercase; opacity: .78; writing-mode: vertical-rl; white-space: nowrap; }
.research-cascade .sr { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; }

@media (max-width: 880px) {
  .research-cascade .hero { top: clamp(28px, 7vw, 60px); left: 0; right: 0; width: auto; transform: none; align-items: center; text-align: center; padding: 0 max(24px, env(safe-area-inset-left, 0px)); }
  .research-cascade .hero__sub, .research-cascade .note { display: none; }
  .research-cascade .hero__title { font-size: clamp(46px, 15vw, 88px); margin-inline: auto; }
  .research-cascade .cta { margin-top: 18px; }
  .research-cascade .rail { right: max(clamp(10px, 3vw, 18px), env(safe-area-inset-right, 0px)); top: 72%; }
  .research-cascade .rail__track { height: clamp(150px, 30vh, 280px); }
  .research-cascade .rail__label { display: none; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .research-cascade .sticky::after { animation: none; }
}

/* Theme-proofing for Astra */
.research-cascade .hero__title { color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--font-voice); }
.research-cascade .card__title { font-family: var(--font-voice); color: var(--ink); }
.research-cascade button.cta, .research-cascade button.cta:focus { background: var(--accent); color: #0e100d; border: 1px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 0; text-transform: uppercase; }
.research-cascade button.cta:hover { background: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); color: #0e100d; }
/* Integration with the storefront's fixed navigation and shared product template. */
.research-cascade{padding:0;overflow:visible;scroll-margin-top:100px}
.research-cascade .sticky{top:var(--cascade-top,100px);height:var(--cascade-height,calc(100svh - 100px))}
#detail-page.glow-profile{overflow:clip}
.research-cascade .cascade-collection,.research-cascade .cascade-skip{display:inline-block;font:400 10px/1.5 var(--body);letter-spacing:.17em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--accent);background:none;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 0 5px;margin-top:18px;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer}
.research-cascade .cascade-skip{font-size:9px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:12px}
.research-cascade .cascade-collection:focus-visible,.research-cascade .cascade-skip:focus-visible{outline:1px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:5px}
.research-cascade .card__title{font-size:clamp(28px,3.1vw,44px)}
.research-cascade .card__meta{font-size:clamp(11px,1.05vw,13.5px)}
.research-cascade .rail__tick{width:32px;height:32px}
.research-cascade .rail__track{width:32px;height:clamp(150px,34vh,340px)}
.research-cascade.is-static{height:auto!important}
.research-cascade.is-static .sticky{position:relative;top:auto;height:auto;padding:70px clamp(20px,5vw,80px);display:flex;flex-direction:column;user-select:text}
.research-cascade.is-static .hero{order:-1;position:relative;top:auto;left:auto;right:auto;transform:none;width:auto;max-width:none;margin:0 0 44px}
.research-cascade.is-static .stage{position:relative;perspective:none}
.research-cascade.is-static .deck{position:static;width:auto;height:auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:24px}
.research-cascade.is-static .card{position:relative;left:auto;top:auto;width:auto;height:auto;min-height:430px;transform:none!important;opacity:1!important;will-change:auto}
.research-cascade.is-static .rail,.research-cascade.is-static [data-rmsc=cta],.research-cascade.is-static .cascade-skip{display:none}
.research-cascade.is-static .sticky::after{animation:none}
.research-cascade.is-static .card__meta{font-size:14px;max-width:36ch}
@media(max-width:880px){.research-cascade .hero{top:20px}.research-cascade .hero__eyebrow{margin-bottom:15px}.research-cascade .hero__title{font-size:clamp(46px,10vw,72px)}.research-cascade .cta{min-height:44px;margin-top:14px}.research-cascade .cascade-collection{margin-top:12px}.research-cascade .cascade-skip{margin-top:7px}.research-cascade .card__body{padding:18px}.research-cascade .card__title{font-size:28px}.research-cascade .card__meta{font-size:11px;line-height:1.5}.research-cascade .rail{top:72%}.research-cascade .rail__track{height:clamp(130px,26vh,220px)}.research-cascade.is-static .deck{grid-template-columns:1fr}.research-cascade.is-static .hero{top:auto}.research-cascade.is-static .card{min-height:440px}.research-cascade.is-static .card__title{font-size:36px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.research-cascade *{animation:none!important;transition:none!important}}
/* Avoid focus-induced scrolling inside the pinned stage. */
.research-cascade .sticky{overflow:clip}